国内旅游业环境影响研究述评

国内的旅游业环境影响研究始于20世纪80年代初,经历了起步、初步发展、快速发展三个阶段,探讨了旅游业对旅游地的自然环境(大气、水体、土壤、动植物等)和社会环境(旅游地居民的心理与行为、社会生活与文化等)的影响,并呈现出单因子研究、定性描述研究多等特点.文章建议今后进一步加强旅游业环境影响的定量研究、跨学科综合研究和高度重视我国西部生态脆弱区尤其是三峡库区的旅游业环境影响研究.

A Review on the Research of the Environmental Impact of Tourism in China

In China, the environmental impact of tourism was researched at the beginning of 1980s and it underwent three phases, namely the beginning stage, tentative development stage and fast development stage. These researches explored impacts of tourism on physical environment (air quality, water quality, soil, vegetation and animals etc.) and socio-cultural environment (residents' psychology and behavior, social living and social culture, etc.) in the tourist destinations, and presented some characters such as more studies on impacts on single factor and qualitative analysis, etc. The paper proposes that the domestic scholars should put more stress on quantitative analysis, multi-subject and synthetic study, and pay attention to the impact of tourism in Chinese western area, especially the Three Gorges reservoir area in the future.