连锁超市配送中心逆向物流量及其库存成本模型研究

连锁超市配送中心逆向物流量显赫，超常规占用大量库存空间和资金成本鲜为人知。本文在深入分析连锁超市配送中心逆向物流量的分类及成因的基础上，构建了由商业回流、终端回流、维修回流、包装回流和生产回流等五类回流所产生的连锁超市配送中心逆向物流量的计算模型，模型中构建考虑产品指数平滑系数预测的基础上导入了对连锁超市产品回流有放大影响的趋势平滑系数、季节性平滑系数、退货率、损毁率、次品率等多项指标参数，并进一步推导了连锁超市配送中心逆向物流库存成本计算模型；接着，通过算例计算了连锁超市配送中心产品逆向物流及其库存成本，分析了不同参数变化下的逆向物流库存成本值的影响程度，论证了本模型的有效性和实用性。最后给出了连锁超市配送中心逆向物流库存成本降低途径。

Study of the Reverse Logistics Quantity and Its Inventory Cost in Supermarket Chain Distribution Center

It is rarely known that the reverse logistics quantity in supermarket chain distribution center extraordinary takes up a large number of inventory space and capital cost. In this paper the causes of reverse logistics quantity in supermarket chain distribution center constituted by five categories returns——commercial return, terminal return, repair return, packaging return and production return are thoroughly analyzed; and the calculation model of the reverse logistics quantity in supermarket chain distribution center, which predicts on the coefficient of exponential smoothing and includes amplification factors, such as trend smooth coefficient, seasonal smoothing coefficient, return rate, damage rate, defect rate and so on, is built up and its inventory cost calculating model of reverse logistics quantity in supermarket chain distribution center is further deduced. Then, through the numerical example the reverse logistics quantity and its inventory cost in supermarket chain distribution center are calculated and the degree of influence of the reverse logistics inventory cost under different parameters is illustrated, and then the validity and practicability of the model are demonstrated. The ways to reduce the inventory cost of reverse logistics quantity in supermarket chain distribution center are given.