长江经济带工业环境效率差异及其影响因素——基于超效率DEA Malmquist Tobit模型

以长江经济带11个省市为研究对象，运用超效率DEA模型对2005—2014年各省市的工业环境效率进行静态评价。实证结果表明： 2005—2014年长江经济带整体工业环境效率水平较高，但各地区之间仍然存在一定差距，其中浙江、江苏等地环境效率值较高，云南、贵州等地较低；11个省市的全要素环境效率的增长率平均值大于1，技术进步是工业环境效率变动的主要因素；产业结构和环境管制对工业环境效率产生积极影响，外商投资和人口密度对工业环境效率产生消极影响。

An Analysis of Industrial Environmental Efficiency Differences and Its Determinants of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Based on Super Efficiency DEA Malmquist Tobit Model

The construction of the Yangtze River economic belt has been included in the national strategy. Improving the industrial environmental efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important way to avoid pollution transfer and promote regional sustainable development. Based on super efficiency DEA model, the paper takes 11 provinces and cities of the Yangtze River Economic Zone as the research objects and evaluates the industrial environmental efficiency of the provinces and cities from 2005 to 2014.Malmqusit is used to compare the industrial environmental efficiency and Tobit Model is adopted to discuss the external factors of industrial environmental efficiency. The empirical results show that the overall industrial environmental efficiency level is high from 2005 to 2014, but there is still a gap between the regions, among which the environmental efficiency value of Shanghai and Jiangsu is higher while the value is lower in Sichuan and Hubei. The TFP of the growth rate of total factor environmental efficiency in 11 provinces and cities is greater than 1 and the technological progress is the main factor of the industrial environmental efficiency change. Industrial structure, foreign investment and environmental regulation have a positive effect on industrial environmental efficiency, and population density has a negative impact on industrial environmental efficiency. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of regional industrial environment, the government needs to adjust the industrial structure, strengthen environmental control, introduce advanced technology, and alleviate the contradictions among people, land and regional differences.