孔子“道”范畴的哲学阐释

“道”是中国古代哲学的核心范畴之一,它在孔子思想中具有重要的地位及其意义。孔子的“道”范畴具有天道观与人道观的涵义,人道观是其重心。就人道观而言,孔子的“道”主要是指以“仁”为最高范畴的价值理论体系,它蕴涵了以“仁”为核心的道德目标;以“礼”为核心的价值准则;以“正名”为核心的政治理想;以“中庸”为核心的方法论和以“君子”为核心的理想人格。

The Expounding of the Confucian Dao Concept

＂Dao＂ is one of the cores of the ancient Chinese philosophy which has an important position and significance in Confucius＇ thinking. Confucius＇ Dao thinking has concepts of heaven and humanity, with concept of humanity as its focus. On the concept of humanity, benevolence is the highest value of this theoretical system, with benevolence as the core of moral objectives, etiquette as the core of value standards, name rectification （Zhengming） as the core of political ideals, doctrine of the mean （ Zhongyong ） as the core of the methodology and gentleman as the core of the ideal personality.