关中方言音韵结构共性与历史行政区划

从音韵特征共性看,关中方言地理东至晋西南临汾和运城两地区与关中毗邻的数县及豫西灵宝、卢氏两县,西达宁夏固原东南、甘肃平凉、庆阳和天水地区,南到陕南丹凤、山阳一带,北接陕北甘泉、延长一线,正好与史称的"关中"相吻合.这种方言地理与关中历史行政地理有着十分密切的关系.从西汉到北魏近八个世纪里,关中与晋西南、豫西同属司州,北宋又同为治所在京兆府长安城的永兴路所辖,这三个地区方言之间的联系可能是在这两个时期漫长历史中建立起来的;关中西部与甘肃东南、宁夏固原东南的联系自宋代就开始了,元明两代它们又同属陕西行省.正是由于行政地理在千百年的历史变迁中不断趋于一体化,关中方言才沉淀出自己的个性.

Common Character of the Phonological Structure of Guanzhong Dialect and the Administrative Mapping in History

In terms of the common character of the phonological structure, Guanzhong dialect covers a large area including not only the Guanzhong Plain but also such areas as Linfen and Yuncheng in southwest Shanxi Province; the southeastern part of Guyuan in Ningxia Province; Pingliang, Qingyang and Tianshui in Gansu Province; Danfeng and Shanyang in South Shaanxi; Ganquan and Yanchang in North Shaanxi, which is just what was called "Guanzhong" in history. This dialect geography and the historical administrative geography are closely related. In eight centuries from Western Han Dynasty to Northern Wei Dynasty, Guanzhong and Southwest Shanxi and West Henan all belonged to Si Zhou. In Song Dynasty, this area was governed by Yongxing Lu of Chang'an city. The relationship of dialect among these three areas may be established in these two periods. The relations among the western part of Guanzhong Plain, the southeastern part of Gansu and the southeastern part of Ningxia might have begun since Song Dynasty. In Yuan and Ming Dynasties, they all belonged to Shaanxi Province. Thanks to integration in the long history of administrative mapping, Guanzhong dialect has formed its own character.