知识的分布与组织结构的变革

传统观念认为企业采用什么样的组织形态主要由企业所在的环境决定。本文从韦伯、西蒙等人的理论出发，认为组织设计的一个关键问题是保持知识与权力的匹配。按照知识与权力匹配的理论，组织是集权还是分权，主要由知识在企业中的分布决定。而知识在组织中的分布取决于所在的行业、企业规模等几个方面的因素。文章最后从历史演变的角度，分析了组织中知识的分布所引起的组织变革。

The Distribution of Knowlege and the Centralized or Dispersed Power in the Organization

Traditional theory thinks that the organization structure is determined by the environment. The paper, derived from the theory of Weber, Simon and so on, thinks that the key question of organization design is to keep the match between knowledge and power. According to the theory, whether power of the organization is centralized or dispersed is determined by the knowledge spread. The distribution of knowledge in the organization is also determined by the industry and the scale of the company, the scale of the company and so on. Finally from the evolution of knowledge, the paper explains the change of organization is caused by the distribution of knowledge in the organization.