府际关系视角下的政策执行——对N市农业补贴政策执行的实证研究

在“职责同构”的府际关系制度背景下,从中央到乡镇的各个层级政府,甚至包括准行政化的村委会往往都会参与到某项政策的执行中.以N市农业补贴政策执行为例的实证研究表明,在这样一个漫长的执行链条中,中央省市县乡各级政府承担了不同的职责,其执行过程基本是一个“信息向上、资金向下”的过程.其执行偏差主要发生在县及其以下层级政府,这可以从“职责同构”基础上的“逐级发包制”的府际关系制度特征得到解释和理解.中国制度背景下有三个关键变量影响了分配型政策执行偏差发生的节点,即地方政府是政策的受益者还是受损者、政策成本承担者和政策具体实施者是否一致以及具体实施成本的大小.

Policy Implementation from the Approach of Intergovernmental Relations:A Case Study on the Agriculture Subsidy Policy Implementation in N City

In Chinese institutional background of the isomorphic responsibility,all of the government levels,from the central government to the town government,even the village committee will take part in the policy implementation process.A case study on the agriculture subsidy policy implementation in N city indicates that in this long process,various level governments have different responsibility.It is a process of "information upward-flowing,money downward-flowing".The policy distortion happens mainly in the level of county government and below it.This point can be explained by the logic of the administrative mechanism of contracting power level by level based on the isomorphic responsibility.In Chinese institutional background,there are three critical factors which will influence the node of policy implementation distortion,namely is the local government the beneficiary or the impaired,is the cost-undertaker and the policy implementor the same one,the cost of the policy implementation.