浙江服务业与制造业生产率比较研究

本文从生产率的角度对浙江制造业与服务业的生产率进行了比较研究。首先是对浙江服务业的劳动生产率与制造业的劳动生产率进行比较,研究表明,浙江服务业劳动生产率并不低于制造业的劳动生产率,从而摈弃“服务业是一个低生产率的部门”的错误观点,服务业也可以是一个创造更多价值的高效率生产部门;其次对浙江服务业与制造业的全要素生产率进行比较,研究结果表明,不论是全要素生产率增长率还是全要素生产率对产值的贡献率,服务业都远高于制造业。这说明一方面服务业与制造业在生产方式上存在较大差别,另一方面也说明,浙江的制造业目前还没有摆脱粗放型的增长模式,制造业要获得可持续发展,必须提高其对全要素生产率的贡献率,浙江制造业的发展要从主要依赖资本投入来获得发展转变到主要依赖广义技术进步来获得发展,而这同样离不开服务业尤其是生产性服务业健康有序的发展。

Comparative Study of the Productivity between Service Industry and Manufacturing Industry in Zhejiang

The paper makes a comparative study of the productivity between the manufacturing industry and the service industry in Zhejiang.Firstly,it makes a comparative study of the labor productivity between the manufacturing industry and the service industry in Zhejiang.The study shows that the labor productivity of the service industry in Zhejiang is by no means lower than that of the manufacturing industry so that the wrong idea that the service industry is a low-productivity department is denied.The service industry can also be a highly efficient department that will create more values.Secondly,it makes a comparative study of all-element productivity between the manufacturing industry and the service industry in Zhejiang.The study shows that the service industry is far higher than the manufacturing industry both in the growth rate of all-element productivity and in the contribution rate of all-element productivity to the output value.This indicates that,on the one hand,there is a big difference in the productive mode between the service industry and the manufacturing industry,and on the other,the manufacturing industry in Zhejiang has not broken away from the extensive growth mode.If the manufacturing industry wants to make sustainable development,it must raise its contribution rate to all-element productivity,i.e.its dependence on capital input to make development must be changed into its dependence on technical progress in a broad sense to make development.Yet this cannot be done without the sound and orderly development of the service industry,especially of the productive service industry.