盛中唐词的文化之变

有论者以六朝为词之滥觞,是由于梁陈宫体诗为宫廷文化的产物,而唐词之兴也与宫廷文化相关,由君臣宴饮到内宫生活,产生了以李白为代表的最初之词。中唐词开始涉及边塞文化与贬谪文化,张志和所作则是隐逸文化的体现,而王建的词可见中唐的三元文化构建,尤其表现出上接宫廷文化,下开士大夫文化的特点。中唐词人中,刘禹锡、白居易作品最多,除创调意义外,他们所作更在贬谪与闲适二义上,体现了士大夫文化在词中的转换、发展,闲适中饶感伤更是南唐、北宋士大夫词以“闲情”为大端的肇始。

The Cultural Evolution of the Tang Dynasty' ci Poetry during Its Peak and Middle Periods

Some scholars believe that ci poems came into being in the Six Dynasties,because the palace-style poems of the Liang and Chen Dynasties were the outcome of the imperial-court culture,and the rise of the Tang Dynasty' ci poetry was also related to this type of culture featured with the facts that the banquets served for the emperor and ministers and the imperial-palace life gave birth to the earliest ci poems represented by Li Bai(Li Po).After the middle Tang Dynasty,ci poems began to get involved with a frontier fortress culture and a demotion and exile culture.Zhang Zhi-he's works embodied a recluse and solitude culture,and Wang-jian's displayed the construction of three-dimensional culture of this middle period,showing the features of linking the imperial court culture upward with the scholar-officials' culture downward.Among the poets in this period,Liu Yu-xi and Bai Ju-yi excelled among the most prolific ci poets,whose significance lies in not only the creation of new genre,but also in the styles of seclusion and leisure,which embodied the transformation and development of the scholar-officials' culture in the ci poetry.Leisure mingled with a sentimental mood is the inchoation of scholar officials' ci poetry of the Southern Tang Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty with 'the carefree mood' as the greatest feature.