农地流转市场化中的耕地抛荒

发展农地流转市场被认为是减少耕地抛荒的重要举措,但农地转入主体往往对细碎偏远地块缺乏兴趣,这是否会诱发新的耕地抛荒值得深入探讨。利用2017年和2019年中国家庭大数据库数据,实证检验了农地流转对耕地抛荒的影响。结果显示,农地转出户更可能抛荒耕地,致使耕地闲置荒芜。当村庄存在农地规模经营主体,农地流转诱发的抛荒将进一步加剧,而村集体组织实施的流转则有助于缓解该效应。进一步分析发现,农机服务发展增强了农地流转对抛荒的激励作用,粮食种植面积的扩大也使得耕地抛荒问题更为普遍,这是由细碎偏远地块的作业成本高造成的。随着农地流转的市场化,细碎偏远地块更容易被市场放弃,应重视公共干预在农地配置和高效利用中的积极作用。

Rental Transactions of Cultivated Land Abandonment in Rural China

Activating land rental markets is widely regarded as an effective approach to reducing cultivated land abandonment, but lessees typically have little interest in fragmented and remote land plots and whether this will induce new cultivated land abandonment deserves further discussion. In this study, data from the 2017 and 2019 China Family Panel Surveys are used to explore the links between land rentals and cultivated land abandonment. We find that farm households that rent out land tend to have a higher probability of cultivated land abandonment, and as a result, cultivated land lies to waste. With the emergence of large farm operators at the village level, land rentals intensify the aggravation of cultivated land abandonment, but public interventions help alleviate this effect. Further analysis suggests that the development of agricultural mechanization services intensifies the positive effects that land rentals have on cultivated land abandonment. The enlargement of grain production areas also encourages cultivated land abandonment, which implies that the increase in mechanized grain production tends to neglect fragmented and remote land plots in land rental markets. This paper concludes that cultivated land abandonment is aggravated by the market forces and suggests that more public interventions are needed to better manage the process of rural-to-urban migration and general urbanization in China.