制度伦理及其实现方式

由以创新精神、理性精神、合理化意识、守信原则和正义感构成的精神结构和以组织能力、谈判能力以及计算节约能力构成的能力结构 ,是市场经济的组织者即现代企业家所具有的伦理品质 ,它们构成伦理结构中的进取性道德 ,这是市场经济之能够运作起来的最为直接的伦理基础 ,是人们在生产和交易活动中表现出来的主体性内容。这种伦理品质和主体性内容 ,只有借着社会制度的形式才具有现实性。社会制度体系的根本职能就在于通过提供一个普遍有效的规则体系 ,来保护合理的追求个人价值最大化的行为。由于制度减少和抑制了生产和交易活动的外部性 ,从而使人们的努力与个人收益直接联系起来 ,使人们的生产活动和交易活动具有了积极性和创造性 ,亦即保证伦理品质的现实化。从制度的伦理性和伦理功能的视角探讨制度伦理及其实现方式 ,其意义是重大的。

On Institutional Ethics and the Way to Realize It

The paper is discussing the institutional ethics in the vision of the ethics of institution and the ethical function. The spiritual structure which consists of the spirit of creativity, spirit of reason, rational consciousness, the principle of being trustworthy, the feel of justice and the capability structure which consists of organizing capability, negotiating capability, the capability calculating the saving potentiality are the ethical traits the modern entrepreneurs, the organizers of market economy, must possess. They construct the aggressive moral in the ethical structure, which is the direct ethical foundation that motivates the market economy and the subjective contents appearing in the production and interaction. The ethical traits and the subjective contents can show their reality only by the means of social system. The essential function of the social system is to provide a universal system of rules to protect the behavior pursuing the maximum of individual value rationally. Because the institution reduces and controls the externality of the production and interaction, it combines people's effort with their individual income, which leads to the activity and creativity in the production and interaction, and therefore guarantees the realization of the ethical traits.