论“走出疑古”与古史重建

"走出疑古时代"的论点是李学勤先生在中国考古学蓬勃发展的背景下,试图寻求克服《古史辨》错疑所不应疑的不良倾向,重建中国古史新的理论体系的学术探索。"走出疑古"是试图在对《古史辨》理论进行科学的批判继承基础上,对晚清以来的疑古思潮进行合理的"扬弃",其真正学术意图在于超越"疑古"。"走出疑古"的论点体系也明显存在若干理论上的局限和逻辑上的疑难。李先生反复强调的将文献和考古结合起来研究古史的方法自王国维先生起已开始实践,以后王国维先生的弟子徐中舒先生及再传弟子唐嘉弘先生所积极倡导和自觉运用的将文献记载、考古学材料和民族学材料相结合的古史多重证法,进一步增强了古史研究的科学性,将中国的古史研究推向了新的高度,从真正意义上开始了"超越疑古",重建古史的学术尝试。李学勤先生所谓的"走出疑古"与古史重建工作,只不过是新的学术背景下,王国维、徐中舒、唐嘉弘三代学人理论探索和学术实践的继续。"走出疑古"后的中国古史研究,应继续重视理论的探索;继续重视古代史料的积累、审查与运用;加强科际整合,提高古史研究科学性;逐步深化夏代与传说时代历史的研究。

Walking out of the Suspicion of the Ancient Chinese History and Reconstructing the Ancient History

The argument of "walk out of the suspicion about the ancient Chinese history" was the view put forward by Mr Li Xueqin under the background of the fact that China has vigorous archaeology.It attempts to overcome the wrong ideas that "discussions in the ancient Chinese history" cannot be suspected and reconstructs academic exploration of the new theory system of the Chinese ancient history."Walk out of the suspicion about the ancient Chinese history" is by no means trying to remove the suspicion about the ancient Chinese history since the late Qing dynasty with the purpose to go beyond the suspicion of the "ancient Chinese history".The argument system of "walk out of the suspicion about the ancient Chinese history" also has theoretical limitations and the logical difficulty.The method to combine the literature and archaeological research that Mr Li has repeatedly stressed on was first carried out by Wang Guowei to study the ancient history.Later on Wang's disciples Xu Zhongshu and Xu's disciple Tang Jiahong applied the multiple approach to the study of the ancient history by combining ancient literature,archaeological and ethnic materials.This has enhanced the scientific feature of the ancient study and pushed the study of the ancient Chinese history to a new level.In a certain sense,it has really started the reconstruction of ancient history and going beyond it without doubt.The "walk out of the suspicion about the ancient Chinese history" and its reconstruction was the continuation under the new academic background by three generations from Wang to Tang.After that,the study of ancient Chinese history put the focus on theoretical exploration,the accumulation of ancient materials,the examination and application of the materials.From then on,the conformity of different branches has been strengthened,the scientific way of study has been enhanced and gradually,the study of the Xia dynasty and the fable period have attracted more and more attention.