中国人“关系取向”的社会心理特征与心理咨询本土化之间的张力

中国人的＂关系取向＂与西方心理咨询理论所产生的＂个人取向＂之间存在着张力。从咨询的理念来看,＂个人取向＂下的西方心理咨询往往强调＂非指导式＂的咨询方式,而中国当事人更倾向于接受辅导者的权威指导。在＂个性化＂的自我结构之下,西方人能更直接、坦然地陈诉自己心理和情绪上的困扰,而＂关系取向＂下的中国人对心理困扰往往采取回避态度。此外,一些民俗的、本土的帮助有时比心理咨询更容易被人接受。因此,在应用西方心理咨询理论时,需要进行文化的适应性检验,对不符合中国人社会心理特征的地方做适当变动。

The Tension Between the Chinese Relationship-oriented Social Psychology and the Localization of Psychological Counseling

There exists a tension between Chinese relationship-centered orientation and the individual-based orientation in western psychological counseling theory.According to conception of counseling,the individual-based orientation in western psychological counseling usually highlights non-directional counseling mode,while Chinese clients prefer the authoritative guidance of counselors.In the individualized self-construction,westerners could state their psychological and emotional distress more directly and frankly...