生命伦理与公共健康伦理的冲突

生命伦理与公共健康伦理所产生的社会背景不同,它们有不同的任务与使命,这使得它们在研究目标、方法、原则、理论基础等许多方面存在着冲突,这些冲突具体表现在以下四个方面:个体善与公共善的冲突;个人自主与政府干预的冲突;义务论与目的论的冲突及自由主义与社群主义的冲突.因此,生命伦理不能作为公共健康伦理的起点.公共健康伦理必须形成自己独立的理论体系,以应对公共健康中不断出现的伦理问题.

On the Conflicts between the Bioethics and the Public Health Ethics

Bioethics and public health ethics emerged from different social context and they have different mission or task.Those made them conflict on the following aspects: individual good vs common good;self-autonomy vs governmental intervention;and liberalism vs communitarianism.Therefore,bioethics cannot become the start point of public health ethics.Public health ethics must develop its own theory to cope with new public health problems.