张载"人性二重说"浅析

张载在批判前人"人性论"的同时,以"太虚即气"的宇宙观为基础,建立了"天地之性"和"气质之性"的"人性二重说"。他认为"天地之性"是纯善的,只有圣人才具备;大多数人由于秉气的厚薄、清浊不同,在他们身上具有的只能是善恶混合的"气质之性"。张载为了实现他成仁成圣的理想人格,给我们开的处方是"变化气质",具体的途径是:"知礼诚心"、"虚心集义"和"克己寡欲"。

Zhang Zai''s Dual Humanity Theory

While Zhang Zai criticized the predecessor's theory of humanity,he also proposed his dual humanity theory on the basic of the world outlook of "the universe is gas".His dual humanity theory referred to "nature of the world" and "nature of the temperament".He thought only the saint had "the nature of the world" which was virtuous and most people had "the nature of the temperament" combined kind with evil.In order to realized his ideal personality,Zhang Zai decided to change his temperament which referred to Refined sincerity,modest and righteousness and self-restraint.