百年来我国对西方美学与文论的接受

西方的美学和文论是由希腊文化和希伯来文化这两大传统所构成的。它们的思想观点和思维方式各有特点:前者以知识论为基础,是经验的、静态的;后者以信仰论为基础,是超验的、动态的。在西方文化史上,它们之间不仅有横向的互补关系,还有纵向的传承和发展的关系。我国"五四"以来从西方引入并在其后占主流地位的现实主义文论,主要是按古希腊知识论哲学的科学精神建立起来的,它对于推进我国现代文学的发展起到了积极的作用,但在不同程度上存在着重科学轻人文的倾向。而在希伯来文化传统基础上发展起来的基督教美学由于信仰问题的引入而把对人的理解由社会的、理性的维度推进到个体的、心理的维度,也使人们对美和审美关系的认识有了的重大发展。这些思想的精髓,对于完善和提升已在我国生根的现实主义文论有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。

On China’s Acceptance of Western Aesthetics and Literary Theory in Last One Hundred Years

Western aesthetics and literary theory are composed of two traditions—ancient Greek culture and Hebrew culture,between which not only transverse relationship of complementation but also longitudinal relationship of inheritance and development exist.Theory of literary realism,which was introduced from the West by China in May Fourth period and took the dominant position in China thereafter,is established primarily in accordance with the scientific spirit of Greek philosophy of epistemology.Although it had positive effect on advancing the development of modern Chinese literature,there is a tendency to value science and downplay humanity to various degrees.Therefore,assimilating the essence of Medieval Christian aesthetics thought,which evolved on the basis of ancient Hebrew cultural tradition,is theoretically significant and practically important nowadays for perfecting and promoting theory of literary realism,whic has taken root in China.