城市居民生活消费生态足迹测算及影响因素分析——以长沙市为例

运用生态足迹理论，采用相关经济数据．计算了1990-2010年工业化进程中长沙市城市居民生活消费人均生态足迹，然后采用STIRPAT扩展模型，应用岭回归方法计量分析了人口、消费、技术及工业化水平对人均生态足迹影响。研究结果表明：（1）1990-2010年长沙市城市居民生活消费的人均生态足迹由1990年的0．7133hm^2增至2010年的1．3699hm^2。但自2007年以来．人均生态足迹的增速有所减缓．这与长沙市培养居民生态消费模式密不可分。（2）人口增长、人均社会消费品零售总额提高导致长沙市城市居民生活消费人均生态足迹的增长．而人均万元GDP生态足迹和工业化水平的提高导致人均生态足迹的降低。为缓解城市居民生活消费给生态环境带来的压力，长沙应降低人口负荷，大力推行生态消费模式，推进工业化的成效，强化技术和服务支撑。

Measurement of the Per Capita Ecological Footprint of Urban Residents Living Consumption and Analysis of the Influencing Factors Taking Changsha As an Example

Applying the Ecological Footprint theory （EF） and using relevant economic data,this paper calculates the per capita EF of Changshas urban residents living consumption from 1990 to 2010 in the process of industrialization, and an extended STIRPAT model is established in this article. Impacts from population,consumption,technology and the level of industrialization on the per capita EF are analyzed econometrically with the ridge regression method. The results show that：（1 ）The per capita EF of Changshas urban residents living consumption rose from 0.7133 hm^2 in 1990 to 1.3699 hm^2 in 2010 .But since 2007 ,the in- crease rate of per capita EF in Changsha city has slowed, which is inseparable with the cultivation of ecological consumption mode. （2）The population growth and the per capita total retail sales of social consumer goods increase are the main factors to promote per capita EF increased, the per capita EF per ten thousand Yuan GDP increase and industrialization level improve- ment are the main factors in the decline of per capita EF. To ease the ecological environment pressure brought by the urban resi- dents living consumption, several countermeasures are put forward, including reducing the population burden, carrying out the ecological consumption mode, promoting the achievements of industrialization and strengthening technical and service support.