城市公用事业公私合作的机制框架及其内涵解析——基于“有限竞争”与“有效竞争”兼容的视角

城市公用事业具有自然垄断特征，在城市化快速发展背景下，必须超越“垄断”与“竞争”独立的二元治理范式，推行公私合作制。在公私合作制下，需构建以风险分担机制和收益分配机制为核心的合同治理机制，以实现私人部门参与的经济性目标；同时，为避免私人资本盲目逐利损害公众利益，还应匹配相应的规制政策。由此引申，设定政府的行为边界，设置激励性的资本收益规制模式，激励被规制企业主动提高效率，构成城市公用事业公私合作机制的基本内涵。

The Mechanism Framework and Connotation of Public-Private Partnerships:from the Perspective of the Compatibility between Limited Competition and Effective Competition

Due to their natural monopoly,urban public utilities should practice public-private partnerships in the background of rapid urbanization,transcending the dual paradigm governance of monopoly and competition.Under the framework of public-private partnerships,contract governance mechanism,risk sharing mechanism and profit distribution mechanism being its center,should be established to realize the economic target of private sector involvement.At the same time，the regulation policies should be made correspondingly so that the public interests should not be damaged by private capital as it chases profit blindly.Thus，the connotation of public-private partnerships should include setting up government’s behavior boundary,establishing a positive motivation capital regulation mode,and stimulating the regulated enterprises to voluntarily improve their efficiency.