“样板戏”的舞台艺术风格及其美学逻辑

本文试图撇开政治权力消长和意识形态转型所带来的偏见，以学术的方式考察“文革”时期“样板戏”在舞台艺术风格方面的特征以及“样板戏”主导者的真实意图。本文认为，“样板戏”是一种政治意识形态的艺术编程。“样板戏”根据“文革”意识形态逻辑，在戏剧结构、音乐形式、唱腔设计、舞台美术以及戏剧语言等方面，进行了大规模的变革，形成了一种奇特的艺术风格，同时又是在政治权力指令下的自上而下的文艺生产制造出来的一种畸形的艺术。在庞大的意识形态神话破产之后，那些从意识形态躯壳上脱落下来的若干艺术残片，却仍散发出几丝迷人的美学光芒。

The Stage Art Style of"Model Opera"and Its Aesthetic Logic

Putting aside the biases resulting from the growth and decline of different political powers and ideological restructuring, this paper attempts to study the characteristics of artistic style on the stage of the Cultural Revolution＇s ＂Model Operas＂ in the academic way and the leader＇s true intentions which guide the creating and performing of ＂Model Operas＂ . This paper argues that ＂Model Opera＂ is a kind of art programming of political ideology. Based on the Cultural Revolution＇s ideological logic, the ＂Model Opera＂ movement carded out a large-scale reform on the traditional Beijing Opera in the respects of dramatic structure, musical form, design of singing, stage arts and dramatic language etc., forming a kind of freak artistic style which is part of literary and artistic production directed by the political power. When the ideological myth has gone bankrupt, the ＂Model Opera＂ as artistic fragments fallen from the dead body of the ideology still emits charming aesthetic rays.