中国银行业成本效率实证研究(1999-2010)——基于SFA测度方法的应用

以1999-2010年12年间国内14家商业银行样本数据为基础, 基于随机前沿效率分析原理, 利用参数估计SFA(Stochastic Frontier Approach)分析法, 评估金融改革以来银行成本效率的分布及演化趋势。研究表明:(1)样本期内银行整体成本效率呈先改善后趋于平稳态势, 近年来无明显波动。(2)国有商业银行成本效率下降显著, 无效率项影响明显;股份制商业银行成本效率除个别银行外, 大多数呈改善趋势;国有与股份制银行之间成本效率差异呈扩大趋势, 应予以重视。(3)未能发现资产规模、权益与银行成本效率之间的显著性相关关系。(4)国有商业银行成本效率存在明显改善空间, 内部治理和运营管理改革有待进一步强化。

The Empirical Study on the Cost Efficiency of Chinese Commercial Banks(1999-2010) -Based on SFA Method Application

This paper uses Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA)to provide domestic evidence on cost efficiency of state-owned and joint-stock banks, and evaluate the distribution and evolutionary trend of bank cost-efficiency after China financial reform. Our dataset consists of 168 observations from 14 commercial banks during the period 1999-2010. The results suggest:(1)Sample banks’ overall cost-efficiency keeps changing from improvement to stability trend in the sample period, with no obvious fluctuation. (2)State-owned banks are associated with lower cost-efficiency and inefficiency factors impact much more; joint-stock commercial banks’ cost-efficiency maintains higher level in common and shows the trend of improving. The cost-efficiency gap between state-owned banks and joint-stock banks has expanded overtime.(3)Significant relationship of cost-efficiency with assets scale and equity is not found.(4)Room for improvement exists in cost-efficiency of state-owned banks, and internal governance and operational management reform should be strengthened further more.