我国生态文明理论研究和建设实践中的四个问题

深化我国生态文明理论研究和建设实践必须解决好四个问题。一、自然资源作为自然财富和生态财富要真正转化为经济财富和社会财富，必须使自然资源作为一种生产资料进入生产过程，树立为了满足人民基本生活需要的生产目的，并建立与自然资源相一致的发展方式和生存方式，制定系统完善的生态补偿制度；二、生态文明建设和生态治理是一个系统工程，这要求我们树立系统论、整体论的思维方式和方法论，把树立生态文明发展理念、建立生态文明发展方式和确立“德法兼备”的社会主义生态治理观有机结合起来；三、生态文明建设实践仅仅满足于宣传生态文明理念是不够的，其关键与核心是如何实现科学技术创新和科学技术生态化；四、脱离对环境权问题的研究，片面强调对“环境民生论”的阐释，既不能准确理解“环境民生论”的完整内涵与价值，也无法真正践行“环境民生论”，故强化对环境权问题的研究与阐释，是当前我们理解和践行“环境民生论”的关键。

Four Problems in the Theoretical Research and Construction Practice of Ecological Civilization in China

Four problems must be solved to deepen the theoretical research and construction practice of ecological civilization in our country.Firstly,to transform natural resources regarded as natural wealth and ecological wealth into economic wealth and social wealth,we must bring natural resources into the production process as a means of production,set up production goal that meets the basic living needs of the people,establish development pattern and mode of existence consistent with natural resources,and formulate a systematic and complete ecological compensation system.Secondly,as the construction of ecological civilization and ecological governance is a systematic project,we should establish a systematic and holistic way of thinking and methodology,and organically combine the establishment of concept of ecological civilization development,the mode of ecological civilization development and an ethic-law combination socialist concept of ecological governance.Thirdly,as the practice of the construction of ecological civilization is not enough to publicize the concept of ecological civilization,the key and core is how to realize scientific and technological innovation and ecologicalization of science and technology.Fourthly,if we break away from the study of environmental rights and put one-sided emphasis on "livelihood-oriented" environmental theory,we can neither accurately understand the complete connotation and value of the theory,nor can we really practice it.Therefore,strengthening the research and interpretation of environmental rights is the key for us to understand and practice "livelihood-oriented" environmental theory.