普方古视角下的“了1”“了2”“了3”研究

目前语法学界的主流观点是把“了”分为“了1”“了2”,“了1”用在动词后,表示动作的完成,一般认为是动态助词;“了2”用于句末,表示语气,是语气词。但在临淄方言中,“了”却呈现为三分样态,无论在语音形式还是语法功能上,都有不同的特点。现代汉语其他方言和近古汉语也都有支持将“了”三分的语言例证。最后,我们倾向于普通话的“了”也应该三分。

Study of le1, le2, le 3 from the Perspective of Mandarin, Dialect and Ancient Chinese

The mainstream of the academic circles have divided "le" into "le1","le2","le 3".used after verbs to express the completion of an action and generally regarded as a verbal auxiliary.But le2 appearing at the end of a sentence is a modal word.In Linzi dialect,"le" has three variations in terms of phonological forms and grammatical functions.Other modern Chinese dialects and ancient Chinese all support this conclusion.Therefore,"le" in Mandarin Chinese should be divided into three variations.