主体演化中的私法设定——黑格尔“市民社会”观给予中国经济演变的启示

市民社会反映了追逐利益的私人，为了满足自身需要，而与他人进行物质交换和社会交往。随着这种关系在整个民族国家内持续扩张，甚至在民族国家间发生联系，私法领域与公法领域的分离也日渐明显。黑格尔试图以市民社会为基础，探讨个体身份和私法之间的演变过程，即从道德主体向法人的角色转移及其承担的道德义务向法人义务的转化。在黑格尔看来，这种演化说明了个人作为社会成员需要与他人协作才能实现自身欲望的初衷。这种探讨对于剖析我国市民社会发展的不足具有积极意义。

The Setting of Private Law in the Subject Evolution

What civil society reflects is that in order to meet their own needs ,the individuals who seek benefits conduct material exchange and social communication with others .With the continu-ous expansion of this relationship within the whole nation-state and even among the nation-states , the separation between the field of private law and that of public law was increasingly obvious .On the basis of civil society ,Hegel attempted to explore the evolution process of individual identity and private law ,that is ,the role transformation from a moral subject to a legal person and the transition from the former’s moral obligation to the latter’s legal obligation ,which according to Hegel ,indicated that as social members ,individuals need to cooperate with others to accomplish their original intention .This discussion is of positive significance to the understanding of the de-fects of civil society in China .