语用与教学:"上而下"路径实施的几点看法

在我国,外语教学方法虽因人而异,但随着国际、国内形势的发展变化,教学理念日益得到统一,培养和提高我国外语学习者运用外语进行实际交际能力逐渐达成共识.语用学的迅速发展及"语用转向"的产生,为这一理念的实现提供了条件和可能.语用能力包括语用行事能力、语用推理能力、语用心理能力、语用文化能力、语用语境能力和语用效能能力等,在"上而下"路径具体实施过程中,功能、认知、心理、文化、语境和效能等都发挥着重要作用,这为现行的外语教学实践提供了一个新的视角.

Pragmatics and Foreign Language Teaching:A Top-down Approach

The methods adopted in the foreign language teaching in China differed, but as a result of the national and international advances and changes, conceptualizations of teaching principles and practices have been unified, and people tend to share their view on communication as the purpose of foreign language teaching. The rapid development of pragmatics and "pragmatic turn" have made it possible to conduct foreign language teaching in this perspective. The pragmatic competence proposed in this article includes pragma-performative ability, pragma-inferential ability, pragma-psychological ability, pragam-cultural ability, pragma-contextual ability and pragma-efficient ability. This article chiefly clarifies the basic principles of the top-down approach to foreign language teaching, such as "function, cognition, psychology, culture, context and efficiency", providing new perspectives for foreign language teaching.