我国城乡关系演变的历史脉络:从分割走向融合

新中国成立以来,我国城乡关系经历了深刻变化。新中国成立初期至改革开放前,服务于工业化发展战略,我国城乡关系逐渐形成城乡分割的二元格局。改革开放以后,随着发展方式的转变,城乡分割的二元格局逐渐被打破,城乡关系不断走向融合。城乡关系演变贯穿其中的发展规律如下:发展方式是影响城乡关系的根本因素;制度安排是影响城乡关系变化的直接因素;市场化改革取向是破解城乡二元体制的重要手段;通过深化改革向农民赋权是提升城乡发展协调性的重要途径;城乡融合是一个长期、渐进、互动的发展过程。由此提出,新时代下,推进城乡协调发展,需要在进一步改革创新、城乡统筹和农民权益保护上着力,同时要保持战略定力和历史耐心,稳扎稳打、久久为功。

The Historical Context of Changes in Urban-Rural Relations in China:From Segmentation to Integration

Since the founding of new China,the relationship between urban and rural areas in China has undergone profound changes.From the early days of founding of the People’s Republic of China to the period before the reform and opening up,China gradually established the dual system of urban and rural division to serve the strategy of industrial development.After the reform and opening up,the dual system of urban-rural division has been gradually broken with transformation of the development mode,and the urban-rural relationship has continued to integrate.Summarizing the evolution between urban and rural areas since the founding of new China,it is not difficult to find the law of development throughout it:the mode of development is the fundamental factor that affects the urban-rural relationship;the institutional arrangement is the direct factor that affects the urban-rural relationship;market-oriented reform orientation is an important means to break the urban-rural dual system;the continuous empowerment to farmers is an important way to improve the coordination of urban and rural development.Overall,the integration of urban and rural areas is a long-term,gradual and interactive developing process.Under the new era,to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas,we need to focus on further reform and innovation,urban-rural integration,and the protection of farmers’rights and interests.Meanwhile,we must maintain strategic strength and historical patience for steady,stable and continuous achievements.