论宋元之际江西遗民词人群之组成及群体关系

宋祥兴二年 ,陆秀夫负宋幼帝赵曰丙 蹈海而亡 ,赵宋 32 0年的皇脉断绝 ,同时也揭开了大批宋文人遗民生涯的序幕。身为遗民 ,“立功”一途受阻 ,他们更自觉地担当起“立德”、“立言”之任 ,在文字著述中寄寓他们的亡国哀痛和存续传统的苦心。而“诗词末技 ,存江山以不朽” ,于是宋元之际乱离易代的环境 ,既磨砺了一代封建士人的节操 ,又成就了一期遗民文学。宋遗民词即以其深刻的悲剧意蕴和文化内涵成为词在宋代发展的一个光耀而悲壮的终结。在宋末元初的遗民词坛 ,江西遗民词人虽没有如江西诗派成员一样的自觉的流派认同意识及共同尊奉的创作宗旨和词坛盟主 ,但他们因地缘关系、政治倾向、创作风格等方面的相近或相同 ,彼此间不仅有着密切的社会交往 ,同时也有着频繁的诗、词、文的酬赠活动 ,构成了一个以文天祥为轴心的相对独立的地域词人群体。

The Composition and Relationship of the Ci Writters Group of Jiangxi Adherents of the Song Dynasty

In the year 1276 AD, the thing that Lu Xiufu carried the young emperor Zhao Gang of the Nan Song on his back and died a diving symbolized the termination of the Song Dynasty which had a history of three hundred and twenty years, And revealed the beginning of a great number of Song scholars' living of being a adherent of the former dynasty. As an adherents of the former dynasty, the reality that the way of rendering meritorious service was blocked, made them consciously take the duty of cultivating morality and expounding one's ideas. They placed their sadness of being no country and their painstaking of preserving, continuing tradition in works. 'Poem and Ci poetry was a final ability, it could preserve the national territory and made it immorality', therefore, the background of change of the dynasty disciplined integrity of the generation of feudal scholars, in addition, achieved a period of literature written by survivors of the Song Dynasty. Ci poems written by adherents of the Song Dynasty was a evident example. It became a glorious, moving and tragic end of development of Ci poetry in the Song Dynasty for its deep tragic implication and cultural intention. In which the Ci writers of Jiangxi adherents of the Song Dynasty made up of a relatively independent regional groups of Ci writers. They didn't have consciousness of school agreement, nor did they have common artistic purpose and leader of Ci poetry world, however, they kept frequent and close social or literary contact with each other and made up a relationship net of group in which Wen Tianxiang was the soul, because of the similar of their regional culture characteristic, political attitude and artistic style.