中国少数民族审美模式形成机制初探

中国少数民族审美模式形成研究是中国少数民族美学乃至中国美学研究中的一个重要课题。从发生学角度来看,自然生态环境、物质生产生活方式、求美冲动、文化固化等是少数民族审美模式形成的主要因素。其中,自然生态环境是物质条件,物质生产生活方式是重要基础,而追求美的冲动和审美思维的自我发展是关键,宗教、语言、风俗习惯等文化因素则是少数民族审美模式形成并得以固化和传承的重要载体和土壤。少数民族审美模式的形成是一个从萌芽、发展到成熟的漫长而复杂的建构过程,同时也是审美的观念逐渐从宗教的、伦理的、功利的、认知的等观念中分离出来的过程,这一分离过程,就是少数民族在明晰的审美观念、审美趣味和审美理想基础上建构和完善其审美模式的蒸馏过程。

A Preliminary Exploration of the Formulation Mechanisms of Aesthetic Modules of the Chinese Minor Nationalities

The study of the formulation process of aesthetic modules of the Chinese minor nationalities is an important research area in the aesthetics of the Chinese minor nationalities and the Chinese aesthetics. From the perspective of genetics, the major factors leading to the formulations of the aesthetic modules of the minor nationalities include natural ecological environment, material production and ways of living, impetus for beauty, and cultural solidification, among which the natural ecological environment is the material conditions, the material production and ways of living are important basis, the impetus for beauty and self-development of aesthetic thoughts are the key, and the cultural elements like religion, language, and conventionalities are the important conveyers and soil on which the aesthetic modules of the Chinese minor nationalities are formulated, solidified and transmitted. The formulation of aesthetic modules of the Chinese minor nationalities is a long and complicated constructive process of germination, evolution and maturity and also a process of aesthetic conception’s gradual separation from the notions of religion, ethics, utilitarianism, and perception. This separation is an instillation process in which the minor nationalities construct and optimize aesthetic modules on the basis of clear aesthetic concepts, aesthetic tastes, and aesthetic ideals.