中国农业贸易政策调整与比较优势变动研究——加入WTO十年以来

以加入WTO十年中国农业贸易政策调整为背景，利用1995～2011年数据系统测算了加入WTO十年中国农业贸易政策组合调整的分类农产品和农产品整体效果，并采用显示性比较优势指数、国内资源成本系数、有效保护率、新要素贸易条件等指标构建了中国农业比较优势变动的科学评价体系。研究结果表明加入WTO十年中国农业贸易政策限制效果显著降低，现有农业贸易政策组合可以形成合理、有效保护；不同农产品比较优势变化明显，中国农业生产贸易格局基本上遵循了比较优势原则；今后在挖掘和提升中国农业生产贸易整体的比较优势时，依据变动中的比较优势对不同种类农产品应当有不同的侧重点。

Adjustment of China＇s Agricultural Trade Policy and Change of Its Comparative Advantage in Ten Years After Joining WTO

With the background of China＇s agricultural trade policy adjustment, this paper systematically meas- ures the effect of China＇s agricultural trade policy mix adjustment on the classification and overall agricultural prod- ucts effect, using the data from 1995-2011, and constructs a scientific evaluation system on the comparative ad- vantage of China＇s agriculture, with the RCA index, DRCC index, ERP index, and the new elements of the terms of trade index. The research results show that the limiting effect of China＇s agricultural trade policy has signifi- cantly reduced, and the existing policy could form a reasonable and effective protection; comparative advantage of different agricultural products changes significantly and agricultural production and trade patterns basically follow the principle of comparative advantage; to excavate and promote the overall comparative advantage in the future, we should have different emphasis, according to the changes of comparative advantage of different kinds of agricul- tural products.