清代北京游览型寺庙的空间分布特征及其成因

游览型寺庙靠近风景游览地、与风景游览地和园林一起成为明清文人士大夫阶层和平民百姓阶层休闲的主要场所。本文以清代游览型寺庙诗文统计为基础,分析了北京游览型寺庙的类型、分布特征及影响因素。寺庙尤其是佛教寺庙自身吸引能力的增强,宣南汉族文人的聚集效应及文人对城区荒野环境和野趣的新偏好是清代外城西区休闲功能和地位迅速提升的主要推动因素。

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and their Causes of Tourism-styled Temples of the Qing Dynasty in Beijing

Tourism-styled temples,which are close to the scenery,together with the scenery and the garden,are the main places for the literati,the bureaucrat and the ordinary to take a leisurely life in the Ming and Qing Dynasty.Based on the statistics of poems about tourism-styled temples in Beijing during the Qing Dynasty,this paper analyzes their types,distribution characteristics and impacting factors and mentions their distribution characteristic.The enhanced attraction of the temples,especially the Buddhism temples,accounts for the spatial accumulation.For the western district of Outer City,the effect of the Xuannan literalis’ getting-together as well as their preference to the wilder landscape inside the city,promoted the upgrading of the recreational function and the status.