脱贫攻坚同乡村振兴有效衔接中的企业角色及其调适——以贵州省乌蒙山区乡土企业X茶园为例

鉴于企业成功地参与了精准扶贫实践,政府和社会对有效衔接阶段的企业作用寄予了更多新期待,乡土企业位列其中。通过对贵州省乌蒙山区乡土企业X茶园的调查发现,在处理政府、市场、所在社区的复杂关系中,该企业扮演的多重角色存在叠加效应,基本达到了多方预期。随着乡村振兴的推进,基层政府与X茶园的角色互动再次开启,双方合作的领域围绕特色产业融合、村社一体化、利益联结机制等方面展开。进入衔接阶段之后,在政府产业规划、企业布局、社区治理等政策激励与规制下,X茶园经历了新的角色扮演、巩固与强化过程。这个新的角色建构使乡土企业塑造了双方合作的新伙伴角色,其特征是企业具备了在本乡本土开展对话的能力,显示出企业参与乡村振兴的相对自主性,但也存在企社角色建构不均衡的事实。在政策既定背景下,实现从产业扶贫到乡村振兴有效衔接的关键是实现企业、政府、社会等多元角色互动,未来乡土企业应围绕新型政企关系生态营造和乡村治理共同体构建而制定行动规划和行动方案。

Ruralent Erprises Role and Adjustment in the Process of Effective Connection between Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization

Based on the positive performance of poverty alleviation,both government and society have placed high expectation on enterprises for their participation in the period of“effective connection to rural revitalization”,local enterprises included.In the investigation of a local case in Wumeng Mountain Area in Guizhou Province,we found that local enterprises play an irreplaceable role within market logic.In this case,there are multiple roles played by local enterprises,which result from the interaction between government and market and local citizens.Motivated by policies for local industries and rural community governance,local enterprises also participate in the Rural Revitalization campaign,and begin its own new role construction.The target local enterprise does grow up and strengthens the dialogue capacity with local government in the process of collaboration,but results in unbalance status with rural community.This paper argues that incentive policies are effective dynamics for local enterprises participation accompanied by their role adjustment in the effective connection between Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization,and the future targets can focus on new market ecology and rural community.