农业信息化与农产品质量——基于家庭农场农产品质量安全认证行为的分析

如何提高农产品质量安全水平,满足人民群众对安全优质农产品的需求,是现阶段我国社会主要矛盾转变背景下应该回答的重要问题。本文利用全国新型农业经营主体发展指数调查中1461个家庭农场的追踪面板数据,将信息进村入户工程的推进作为一次准自然实验,运用PSM-DID方法实证分析农业信息化对家庭农场农产品质量安全认证行为的影响及其作用机制。结果表明,信息化对家庭农场进行质量认证及进行认证的个数均有显著正向影响,信息化能够显著提升家庭农场生产的农产品质量。进一步分析发现,这主要通过内部推力和外部拉力两条途径来实现:一方面,信息化通过破解农产品质量认证的技术约束,降低技术成本,为农产品质量认证提供内在推力;另一方面,信息化通过拓宽农产品销售渠道,打破销售市场狭窄的困境,促进经济效益提升,为农产品质量认证行为提供外在拉力。据此,提出继续加快农村信息化服务普及速度,提高农户信息获取能力和应用能力,强化信息化对提升农产品质量的影响路径等政策建议。

Agriculture Informatization and Quality of Agricultural Products:Analysis on the Behavior of Quality Certification of Agricultural Products Based on Family Farms

How to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products and satisfy consumers demand is an important question that should be answered under the background of the transformation of the principal contradiction in our society at this stage.Based on the tracking panel data of 1461 family farms in the“national survey on the development index of new agricultural business entities”,we regard the program of information-entering-village as a quasi-natural experiment and use PSM-DID method to empirically examine the impact and mechanism of informatization on the quality of agricultural products.The results show that informatization has a significant positive impact on the quality certification of agricultural products in family farms,and informatization can significantly improve the quality of agricultural products produced by family farms.And we further find that the results are achieved mainly through internal thrust and external tension.On the one hand,by cracking the constraints of agricultural product quality certification technology and reducing the cost of technology,informatization provides internal thrust;On the other hand,through broadening the sales channels of agricultural products and breaking the dilemma of narrow sales market,informatization promotes profits to provide external pull for the behavior of agricultural product quality certification.Therefore,we should continue to speed up the popularization of rural informatization service,improve farmers ability to obtain and apply information,and strengthen the influence path of informatization on improving the quality of agricultural products.