政策预期与政策认同及其对于社会公正的意义

社会公正问题,既是社会政策的问题,也是人民心理认同的问题。在这方面最为重要的就是政策预期和政策认同的问题。如果人们对于正在施行特别是未来将要施行的政策所能给自己的利益带来受益或受损的情况有所准确判断,那么就说明社会具有较高的政策预期值,反之政策预期值就低。而由于政策的调整过程同时也就是人们利益关系的调整,所以任何一项政策的施行都将在实际上导致一些人的受益和另一些人的受损,这就产生了人们对于政策的认同倾向问题。这种政策认同程度的高低与政策预期值的高低一样,都将影响到社会成员对于社会公平和正义的体认。

Policy Expectation,Policy Recognization and their Significance to Social Justice

Social justice is a matter of social policy as well as a matter of people's recognition of policy.The most important is policy recognition.If people can predict the interest and loss brought by the ongoing or future policy,it means that the society has a high expectation towards the policy;otherwise,the policy expectation is low.As a policy changes,people's interested are changed.Therefore,the implementation of each policy would benefit some people while other people may loose some of their interests.As a result,people may identify the policy or not.The level of people's recognition towards a policy,like the level of the policy expectation,influences people's recognization of social fairness and justice.