茶道"四谛"略议

在中国,佛教与茶结缘甚早,禅宗兴盛以后,更形成了"茶禅一味"的佳构,为茶道形成奠定了基础.中国茶道重自然,轻礼法;重精神,轻形式;日本茶圣千利休总结出"和、敬、清、寂"的 "茶道四谛",促进了独具特色的日本茶道的形成.韩国茶礼亦有"四谛",略近于日本茶道精神.近年来,海峡两岸学者致力于总结具有华夏特色的"茶道四谛".诸家"四谛"之说,如出于开悟众生的方便,亦无不可,若要从中拣择,定出一尊,便索然无味,有违禅宗精神.

On "Four Significance" of Tea Ceremony

Buddhism early became attached to tea in China.With zen's prosperousness,the good idea of tea has the same flavor as zen gradually formed,which lays a foundation for tea ceremony.China's tea ceremony attach importance to nature and spirit,meanwhile make light of manners and form.Japanese tea sage QIAN Lixiu concluded "four significances"of tea ceremony: harmony,respect,clear and still,which promoted the special Japanese tea ceremony's forming."four significances"of tea ceremony in Korea were similar to Japan's.Recently,the scholars across?straights?apply themselves to conclude the "four singnificances" with Chinese trait.However,their explanation about "four significances" just can be a way for people to catch the spirit of tea ceremony,but not the only right meanings that will violate the zen's spirit.