WTO《政府采购协定》的中小企业例外问题

WTO《政府采购协定》没有明文规定扶持中小企业发展的政府采购措施与协定义务的相符性问题。因此，少数协定缔约方在其出价中列入扶持中小企业例外，以排除协定对相关政府采购措施的适用。在研究谈判历史、缔约方出价与政府采购法相关规则以及综合评估利弊的基础上可以确定，由于该项例外并非实现扶持中小企业政策的必要条件，并且须在加入谈判中付出相应代价，我国不必在加入协定的谈判中坚持该项例外，并应修改国内法规。

The Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Exception in WTO Agreement on Government Procurement

Countries maintain preferential government procurement policies to support small and medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）. The WTO Agreement on Government Procurement （GPA） itself does not contain exceptions for SMEs policies which might restrict international trade. Hence, some GPA contracting parties negotiated exceptions included in their Appendix to the Agreement in order to exempt those policies from the GPA coverage. China is negotiating accession to the GPA and has included the SMEs exception in its Appendix I offer. This article analyzes the negotiation history of the Agreement, the contracting parties＇ attitudes towards the SMEs exception, and their related domestic laws. It argues that China could have a flexible position on the SMEs exceptions and modify its procurement rules accordingly.