《大西洋宪章》再现英美论战——评述历史对中美构建新型大国关系的启示

《大西洋宪章》是"二战"期间英美两国首脑首次会晤最重要的成果,它的诞生不仅标志着英美两国政治同盟的形成,也对后来反法西斯大同盟和联合国的建立产生了重要影响。但英美两国的战略处境不同,致使所抱的预期目标差距甚大。罗斯福的主要目标是想发表一个能阐述战争目的和重建战后世界和平秩序构想的联合宣言,而丘吉尔则期望通过会晤来解决英国当时所面临的一系列现实问题。然而,作为"求援者"来参会的丘吉尔最终不得不屈从于罗斯福,二人会晤后所发表的《大西洋宪章》也主要体现了罗斯福的思想和意志。重温这次英美首脑会晤以及《大西洋宪章》在战后所产生的作用,对当下中美两国在太平洋地区构建新型大国关系颇有启示。

The Reflection of Dispute between Great Britain and the U.S .in the Atlantic Charter---Enlightenment on Building the New Sino-US Relationship in the Asia-Pacific Region

The Atlantic Chapter is the most important achievement that Roosevelt and Churchill made when they met for the first time during the WWⅡ.Its birth not only marked the formation of political allies between Great Britain and the US,but also had great influence on the establishment of the anti-fascist Allies and the United Nations.But because of the different strategic positions,their anticipations differed greatly.Roosevelt’s main purpose was to make a statement about the goals of war and the post-war world order,while Churchill expected to solve a series of practical problems that Great Britain faced.However,as the one who asked for help,Church-ill had no choice but to yield to Roosevelt,and the Atlantic Chapter eventually reflected Roosevelt’s ideas and will.Reviewing the summit between the heads of Britain and the United States,we can get a lot of enlighten-ments on constructing a new pattern of relationship between China and America in the Pacific region.