论魏晋时期教育的自觉

魏晋时期是继春秋战国之后中国历史上又一个社会大变革的时期。在这一动荡的岁月里,儒家传统的理想完美人格———名实相符、德才兼备、忠孝双全逐渐解体。面对苦难的现实和理想破灭的精神痛苦,魏晋士人对两汉以来的神学化儒学进行了深刻的反思和批判,同时把智慧的触觉伸向了对人的自我存在的价值的探寻。这种探寻赋予了魏晋士人冲决儒家传统伦理道德精神束缚的力量,同时也使他们逐渐走向"自觉"。教育也随之实现了一种历史性的转向:由偏重伦理道德教化功能到以实现人的自由发展为基本价值取向,教育走向了"自觉"。

On the Self-Consciouseness of Education in WeiJin Period

In the history of China, WeiJin Period is another era of great social changes after ChunQiou and ZhanGuo Periods. During this period, the traditional Confucian personality broke down. Confronting the painful life and reality, the WeiJIN officials reflected the thologized Confucianism, meanwhile they began to explore the meaning of human lives, which gave them the force to break the control of traditional Confucian ethics and moral, and made them conscious of themselves. As a result, Great changes took place in the education field of that time, and the realization of human value became the basis of education.