"肯定性行动计划"论争与美国少数民族高等教育的未来走向

20世纪60年代中期,美国政府启动了肯定性行动计划,在就业、教育等领域对少数民族、妇女等社会不利群体给予某些优待和照顾,有力地提高了少数民族和妇女的社会经济地位,促进了美国少数民族高等教育的发展.但三十多年来,关于肯定性行动计划存在和实施必要性的争论从未间断过.特别是近年来,关于肯定性行动计划的争论趋于激化,一些州甚至取消了肯定性行动计划,这很可能导致美国少数民族高等教育的严重倒退.

Debates on Affirmative Action Programs and the Future of American Minorities Higher Education

In the mid-1960s, the American government started the affirmative action programs to give some preferential treatment to the minorities and women in employment and education. The preferential measures raised the social and economic position of minorities and women and brought about the rapid development of American minorities higher education. But during the past 30 years and more, debates on the necessity of affirmative action programs never ceased. In recent years, the debates are intensifying and some states have canceled affirmative action programs. All these may cause severe retreat of American minorities higher education.