西部民族地区生态建设的经济学思考

本文从社会、经济、自然组成的复合生态系统互动过程的角度 ,阐述了西部民族地区生态环境问题的主要类型及后果影响 ,并在此基础上进一步分析了产生生态环境问题的经济、社会原因。文章对西部民族地区在实施以退耕还林、还草为主的生态建设过程中存在的农牧民应得收入漏损、收入稳定增长预期模糊等两大问题进行了分析。文章认为 ,全面推进西部民族地区生态建设 ,必须坚持标本兼治、生态效益和经济效益兼顾的方针 ,努力做到四个创新 :经济发展思路创新、经济社会结构创新、经济体制创新和管理制度创新

Economic Reflections on the Ecological Conservation in the Ethnic Minority Areas in Western China

This paper discusses the main types and results of the ecological problems in the ethnic minority areas in western China in terms of the interaction in the compound eco system, which consists of society, economy and nature. On this basis, the economic and social elements that result in ecological problems are analyzed. The paper also analyzes two problems in the ecological conservation projects in western China that give priority to returning farmland to forests or pastures. One is the income decrease of the farmers and herdsmen, and the other is the vague expectation of the stable income growth. The paper holds that, in order to avoid the problems and carry out the ecological conservation fully in western China, we must take account of ecological and economic benefits at the same time and strive to achieve the four innovations, i.e. the innovation of the economic development strategy, the innovation of economic and social structure, the innovation of economic system and the innovation of management system.