中国经济转型期城镇少数民族教育收益率的实证研究

文章分别使用了OLS方法和分位回归技术,考察了1995—2007年间中国城镇少数民族教育收益率的总体水平及其长期变化趋势,并将之与汉族进行了比较,发现在经济转型期,中国城镇居民教育收益率总体上呈逐年上升趋势,少数民族与汉族之间的教育收益率没有显著差异。政策的力量与市场的力量有机结合、相互叠加,是转型时期中国城镇少数民族的地位并没有发生逆转的重要原因。与汉族相同,少数民族的教育收益率随着收入分位点提高而逐渐减小,即收入水平越高,教育收益率越低。

An Empirical Study on the Returns to Education of the Ethnic Minorities in Chinese Cities and Towns in the Economic Transition Period

The paper studies the total level and the long-term trend of the returns to education of the ethnic minorities in Chinese cities and towns from 1995 to 2007 through OLS estimates and quantile regression. On the basis of it, a conclusion may be drawn that in the economic transition the returns to education for urban residents generally increased year by year and there was no obvious difference of the returns to education between the ethnic minorities and the Han in those areas. In addition, the authors of the paper also think that the close combination between policies and markets was the important reasons which maintained the status of the ethnic minorities in Chinese cities and towns in the economic transition period and that the ethnic minorities’ returns to education decreases gradually as their income in sub-site increases just like the Han, in other words, the higher their income levels and the lower their returns to education.