中国少数民族地区乡域经济发展研究——以凉山彝族自治州冕宁县拖乌乡为例

乡域经济是中国区域经济中的重要微观基础。以凉山彝族自治州冕宁县拖乌乡经济社会发展为例，该地的经济属于农牧混合经济，传统的一家一户分散经营的小农生产方式制约了规模经济的发展。同时，拖乌乡工业基础薄弱，工业化、城镇化刚刚起步，经济落后，农民收入低，构成了拖乌乡发展的一个重大障碍。拖乌乡经济社会发展存在的上述问题与自然禀赋的不足，如位置的边缘性、自然环境的脆弱性和边际性、自然资源的优势不足等密切相关，居民文化水平不高，主要劳动力受教育程度低，语言交流存在障碍等也是重要原因。为此，拖乌乡应争取政策支持，改善基础设施，促进社会事业发展；以特色产业基地建设为突破口，‘促进农牧民增收；抓住雅泸高速公路贯通的机遇，发展彝族风情文化旅游产业；沿108国道线和雅泸高速点轴开发，梯度推进。

RESEARCH ON RURAL DOMAIN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ETHNIC MINORITY AREAS OF CHINA—Case of Tuowu Village, Mianning County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture

Rural domain economy is an important microeconomic base of China regional economy. Investigating economic and social development of Tuowu Village, Mianning County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, this paper researches the economic and social development of this region and finds an agricultural and pastoral economy in this area, but traditional small-scale farmer production mode of decentralized operation restricts the scale economy. There stands a big developing obstacle so that Tuowu Village has a weak industry basis mainly with resource type, underway industrialization and urbanization, backward economy, farmers’ low income. Analyzing main problems and causes of the economic and social development, this paper finds that the lack of natural endowment, such as remote geography location, fragile environment, lacking natural resource advantage, is the objective reason, and low cultural level, low educational level and the obstacle of language communication are main reasons of economic and social backwardness. Then based on the analysis of economic and social developing condition, this paper proposes relative measures and suggestions.