网络极端情绪人群的类型及其政治与社会意涵——基于中国网络社会心态调查数据（2014）的实证研究

本文以社会化媒体的用户为中心，以用户的网络极端情绪表达为切入点，考察中国社会化媒体空间中的群体类型，并探讨各群体的客观背景特征，以及各群体的政治态度和网络表达行动。对中国网络社会心态调查数据（2014）的潜类分析表明，我们可以根据微博用户表达的极端情绪将其划分为“酱油众”“冷漠族”“铁血爱国派”“愤世嫉俗派”和“民粹主义者”五类群体。其中，“民粹主义者”具有一定的“草根左派”色彩，“铁血爱国派”具有某种“亲体制左派”的色彩，“冷漠族”则倾向于“温和右派”，“愤世嫉俗派”倾向于“激进右派”。就政治态度而言，“愤世嫉俗派”对体制的态度最为负面，“民粹主义者”对政府的信任度最低，而“铁血爱国派”对体制的态度最为正面，对政府的信任度最高。就网络行动而言，“民粹主义者”使用网络暴力和参与在线抗议的可能性都最高，其次是“愤世嫉俗派”和“铁血爱国派”。文章最后指出，对互联网用户极端情绪的研究是理解中国网络社会的重要窗口。

Typological Analysis of Online Extreme Emotion-Based Groups and Its Socio-Political Implications:An Empirical Examination of the Chinese Internet Social Mentality Survey (2014)

This paper takes a social media user centered approach to develop a topology of social groups by examining their expressions of extreme emotions in the social media space，and further scrutinizes the background characteristics，political attitudes and online actions of each group.Using the Chinese Internet Social Mentality Survey (2014)，our latent class analyses of online expression of extreme emotions reveal five groups of Weibo users，including the emotionally non extremists，the politically apathetic，the extreme patriotic，the political cynics，and the populists. In terms of political positions，the populists can be seen as grassroots leftists；the patriotic are pro regime leftists；the politically apathetic are moderate rightists，whilst the cynics are radical rightists.In terms of political attitudes，the cynics hold the most negative attitude towards the regime，and the populists have the lowest levels of political trust.On the contrary，the patriotic have the most positive attitude towards the regime and the highest levels of political trust. In terms of online actions，the populists are the most likely to engage in cyber violence and to participate in online protests，followed by the cynics and the patriotic.Overall，the politically apathetic have negative political attitudes，but the likelihood of action is slim.The patriotic are attitudinally the most positive，and willing to engage in radical online actions.Both the cynics and the populists have strong negative political attitudes，and are likely to engage in online actions， which make these two groups worth of further attention. Based on these findings，this paper contends that the study of online expression of extreme emotions is an import window through which we can better understand the Chinese network society.