革命的劳动伦理的兴起:以陕甘宁边区“赵占魁运动”为中心的考察

1937年陕甘宁边区政府成立以后，公营工厂逐渐在边区兴起。为了提高公营工厂工人的劳动热情，并维持公营工厂内部良好的劳动秩序，在1940年至1945年期间，中共中央等有关决策者创造性地对公营工厂的劳动过程开展了一系列相互关联的改造活动。随着这些改造活动的推行，一种主要用于规范公营工厂工人的劳动态度以及公营工厂内部党组织、行政和工会三者之间的互动关系的新的劳动伦理被逐渐构建起来。由于构建这种新的劳动伦理的逻辑起点是把工人的劳动和中共领导的革命活动联系起来，强调工人是为革命而劳动，故本文把这种新的劳动伦理命名为"革命的劳动伦理"。以"赵占魁运动"为考察的中心，本文系统地探讨了这种革命的劳动伦理是如何被构建而兴起的，并在此基础上进一步讨论了两个相关的问题。

On the Rise of the Revolutionary Work Ethic:By Focusing on the “Zhao Zhankui Campaign” in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region

After the establishment of the Government of the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region in 1937, the public factories were set up gradually in the border region. During the period of 1940 to 1945, in order to enhance workers' enthusiasm for work and maintain a good work order in public factories, the Central Committee of CPC and other relevant policy-makers creatively carried out a series of interrelated transformations on the labor process of the public factories, such as correcting the trade union's "left" tendency and redefining its basic tasks, launching the "Zhao Zhankui Campaign" named after the model worker Zhao Zhankui, transforming the interactional relations between the Party organization, the administration and the trade union within the public factories, and so on. With the implementation of these transformations, a new work ethic, which was mainly used to regulate the labor attitude of workers and the interactional relations between the Party organizations, the administration and the trade union within the public factories, was gradually built up. Since the logical starting point for the construction of this new work ethic was to link workers' work with the revolutionary activities led by the CPC, to emphasize that the public factories were the revolutionary public property which the working class itself also had a share of it, and the workers were working for the revolution, therefore, this article named this new work ethic "revolutionary work ethic". By focusing on the "Zhao Zhankui Campaign" in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia Border Region, this paper systematically explores how the revolutionary work ethic had been built up and raised. On this basis, this paper also discusses two related issues:one is the practical role of this revolutionary work ethic, and the other is its continuity and evolution.