一把尺子如何“量到底”:基层治理中的制度硬化——以一个城市更新试点项目为例

城市更新中日益增长的社会压力使基层政府产生制度硬化的需求，但持续的高压体制又使其延续制度弹性的逻辑，两者间张力凸显，构成当前的治理困境。本文通过对一个试点项目中制度硬化实践的观察提出核心问题：权力运作空间如何在日益增强的规范性约束下得以再生产。本案例中，制度硬化被拆分为“结果硬化”和“过程硬化”两部分，前者标识着鲜明的刚性边界，后者则暗中预留出弹性空间。通过外部条件硬化、让步规则硬化、加压底线硬化这三重机制，基层政府在与社会的互动中由表及里地拓展了硬化原则背后的边界，使权力运作空间以一种更为正式化、制度化、组织化的形式不断生产出来，展现出更深层、隐秘的治理技术及国家与社会的相互形塑过程。

“One Ruler Measures to the End”: Rule Hardening in Grassroots Governance——Taking a Pilot Project in Urban Renewal as an Example

Regarding launching an urban renewal project,the rising social pressure makes the grassroots state harden the rules while the remaining high pressure from the top makes them keep rules elastic,the contradiction between which causes the dilemma in urban development nowadays. Taking a landmark pilot project as an example,via the observation of the practice of rule hardening principle described as “One Ruler Measures to the End”,this article tries to answer the question of how it is possible for power to reproduce its operational space under nowadays-rising regulatory constraint. In this case,the principle of “Rule Hardening” includes both “result” and “process”,and fulfills through three-step mechanism as hardening in external conditions,hardening in compromising rules and hardening in the limitation of bringing to press. Though this mechanism,the grassroots state manages to mobilize the resources embedded in the system and extend the hidden boundary of the hard and rigorously rules on the surface that makes the rules elastic and soft again,but in a more formal,institutional and organizational way. It could be considered as the state correspondence to the rising social protest during last phrase and indicates a more exquisite and unobvious way of governance,which shows the continuously interaction between the state and the society in the long view of history.