清代两淮票盐制及其实态

发端于道光十年(1830)的两淮票盐制改革,是清代地方政府在面对盐业日益败坏的情况下做出的一种无奈选择。以陶澍为代表的盐政官僚希望通过改纲为票来实现推广盐业自由贸易、挽救淮盐颓废、打击私盐和确保国家盐课征收的目的。尽管改革确实在一定时期内和一定程度上发挥了积极作用,但由于受票法本身的缺陷和咸同兵燹的影响,改革最终以失败而告终。事实表明,制度的好坏除了取决于制度本身的优劣以外,同样也取决于制度的推广与执行情况。

On the Ticket Salt System in Qing Dynasty

The local government of Qing Dynasty has no alternative but to reform the growing depressed salt industry in 1830s. Some local government officials with TAO Peng as the representative wish to increase free salt trades, vitalize the declining salt industry, taking drastic measures against private salt and ensure tax income of the state. In spite of the positive effect of these reforms, salt ticket system ends up in failure which indicates the importance of popularization and implementation of an institution besides the quality of the institution itself.