正义是树立社会秩序的基础--亚里士多德制度伦理思想初探

作为一个德性伦理学家,亚里士多德十分强调德性对于个人和城邦幸福的至关重要性.但在个人善与城邦善二者之间,他更强调城邦善的优先性,认为城邦的善更为重要,更为完满.并进而认为,城邦的善即正义,正义即合法与平等,正义以公共利益为依据,是城邦立国的原则和社会安定的基石,是树立社会秩序的基础.亚里士多德对制度伦理的探索无疑具有久远的理论和实践价值.

Justice Is the Foundation of Social Order -- A Tentative Analysis of Aristotle's Institutional Ethics

As a philosopher of virtue ethics, Aristotle puts great stress on the importance of virtues in the well being of the individual and the city state. But between the goodness of the individual and the goodness of the city state, he gives priority to the latter, believing that the goodness of the city state is more important and more complete. Furthermore, he believes that the goodness of the city state is justice itself, and justice means legitimacy and equality. Justice must be based on public interest, because it is the the principle of nation building and and the foundation on which social stability is built. Justice is also the foundation of social order. Aristotle's inquiry of institutional ethics is undoubtedly full of lasting ethical and practical value.