在当代问题中重温马克思的哲学革命

马克思学说的当代性取决于它是否切入了我们的时代问题所在的核心 ,并对此核心有它自己的深刻洞见。对这一点进行辨析 ,要求我们重温马克思的哲学革命。“哲学革命”有两种可能的性质 ,一是用某种新的体系构造排除了既往哲学争辩的基本难题 (如康德 ) ,从而为哲学理论的继续发展赢得新的天地 ;一是从根本上反省哲学本身的传统 ,以此重新规定思想的任务 ,以回答人类在其历史进程中所遭遇的根本挑战。本文通过对马克思的异化概念、实践概念和“历史科学”概念的扼要讨论 ,指认马克思的哲学革命属于后一种性质 ,并兼而论及马克思学说对当代中国文化和哲学思想之出路的启示意义。

A Review of Marx's Philosophical Revolution during the Study of Contemporary Problems

The contemporariness of Marxist doctrine depends on whether it gets at the core of the problems of our times and whether it gives a profound insight into the core. To make this point clear, we should review Marx's philosophical revolution. The concept of "philosophical revolution" could have two possible meanings. One is the construction of a new theoretical system which is able to resolve the old basic controversy and, as Kant has done, gain further development of philosophy. The other is to reflect fundamentally on the tradition of philosophy itself to re specify the task of human thinking so as to face all the fundamental challenges to human beings in the course of history. After a discussion on Marx's conceptions of alienation, praxis and "historical science",this paper holds that Marx's revolution of philosophy belongs to the latter. It also discusses the enlightenment by Marx's doctrine in contemporary Chinese culture and philosophical thinking.