城市公共自行车系统定价模式比较研究

面对城市交通拥堵的压力,国内外越来越多的城市建设了公共自行车系统.从公共定价角度,可以将中国公共自行车系统定价模式分为不收费的公共池塘资源模式、低收费的准公共物品模式和高收费的私人物品模式.本研究选取武汉、杭州、北京三座城市为典型案例代表,对其公共自行车定价模式进行分析.研究发现,不收费的公共池塘资源模式与高收费的私人物品模式都不适合中国公共自行车系统的运行.鉴于此,为了促进城市公共自行车系统的有效运行,政府应积极参与并给予适当的财政补贴与政策扶持,公共定价始终不能偏离公共性宗旨.

Comparative study on pricing modes of urban public bicycle systems

Confronting the problem of traffic congestion in cities, more and more public bicycle systems have been constructed all over the world. From the perspective of public pricing, the pricing models of public bicycle systems in China can be classified as free common pool resources model, low-priced quasi-public products model and high-priced private products model. This study selected Wuhan, Hangzhou and Beijing as cases to analyze their pricing models. However, neither free common pool resources nor high-priced private products is feasible for Chinese cities to operate public bicycle systems. Government must join this project and provide fiscal subsidies and policy supports. Public pricing should regard public trait as its fundamental point.