协同创新效率的国际比较及其影响因素分析

利用25国1996-2009年的面板数据,运用超效率DEA和DEA-Tobit两步法对各国的国家创新效率和影响因素进行了分析。主要发现包括:经济危机对各国国家创新效率和创新全要素生产率均有负面影响,其中技术退步是引起各国全要素生产率下降的主要因素;中国的国家创新效率仍然处于较低的水平,在样本考察期内总体呈现下降趋势,且存在较为严重的技术退步现象;企业、高等院校和科研机构的创新协同是有效率的,三者的创新活动均显著而持续地促进了国家创新效率提高;一国宏观税率对国家创新效率具有拉弗效应,过高和过低的税率均不利于促进国家创新效率。

International Comparison of Synergetic Innovation Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors Analysis

Using 1996-2009 panel data of 25 countries, the paper analyzes the national innovation efficiency and its influencing factors by using super-efficiency DEA and DEA-Tobit two-step method. The major findings include: 1) Economic crisis has a negative impact on national innovation efficiency and total factor productivity for every country. Moreover, the decline of TFP is mostly caused by Technical regress; 2) China's national innovation efficiency remains at a low level and has overall downward trend during the study period. In addition, technology regress in China is serious; 3) The innovation activities of enterprises, universities and research institutions have significant and sustained effect on promoting national innovation efficiency, so their synergetic innovation is effective; 4) A country's macro tax rate has Laffer effect on the national innovation efficiency, high and low tax rates are not conducive to promoting national innovation efficiency.