孙中山与梁漱溟民生思想比较研究

民生问题是20世纪中国社会面临的最重要问题之一.孙中山和梁漱溟本着为大多数人谋幸福的出发点对民生问题进行了自己的阐发和论述,形成了各自系统的民生思想.本文从思想产生由来和具体内容分析入手,对他们如何看待资本问题、土地分配问题、阶级问题以及发展工农业问题等方面的民生思想进行了比较.对民生问题不同的思考,导致孙中山毫不犹豫地把发展工商业作为"民生主义"的重要内容,认为真正的民生主义既要发展大工业,又要预防和避开资本主义,而梁漱溟则选择了从农村立足,优先发展农业,走合作经济的道路.

The Comparative Studies on Sun Zhong-shan's and Liang Shu-ming's Thoughts of the People's Livelihood

The problem of the people's livelihood was one of the most important problems in the twentieth century of Chinese society.For the sake of many people's happiness,Sun Zhong-shan and Liang Shu-ming had their own exploration of this problem,and had formed systematic thoughts towards it.To start with the origins of their thoughts and concrete contents,this article compares their opinions about the problem of capital,of land distribution,of class and of the development of industry and agriculture.Finally,it is concluded that their different considerations towards the problem of the people's livelihood had caused different solutions.Without hesitations.Sun Zhong-shan put the emphasis on developing industry and agriculture,and thought it was the important content of the people's livelihood,while people's livelihood not only developed the great industry,but also prevented and avoided the Capitalism.But Liang Shu-ming made another choice.He had a foothold in rural areas,gave priority to the development of the agriculture and took route of cooperative economy.