弘光政权建立之探微

明朝灭亡之后,北京的官绅已经出来拥护大顺政权了。但清朝进入北京后,人们不愿意接受满洲这个异民族的统治,而希望在南京建立以朱家皇室后裔为皇帝的新政权。清朝刚入北京即颁行带有民族歧视和民族侮辱的“剃发令”,遭到人民的反抗,抗清斗争风起云涌,分别拥立明朝藩王以号召民众,这种斗争需要一个新政权来组织领导。李自成的无暇南顾,使河北、山东以及苏北的大顺政权被明朝官军和地主武装所摧垮,这对建立新政权极为有利。清兵占领北京之后,汉族官绅不愿出仕清朝,纷纷南下,把希望寄托在即将建立的新政权上。大量的商人和市民也纷纷南来,使新政权具备了人心条件。拥兵自重的明朝将官等待观望,坐视清兵长驱直入,甚至攻城掠地,祸国殃民,此时正需要一个强有力的政权组织军队,重整河山。弘光政权一经建立,豫、鲁、苏、皖和江北地区原明朝官员和地主武装起而应之。弘光政权的建立确实符合了明朝大多数官绅和民众的愿望。

Research on the Foundation of the Hongguang Regime

After the Ming Dynasty was overthrown,the officials and gentries in Beijing supported DaShun Administration.However,it was soon defeated by the Qing army.The Qing Dynasty took Beijing and became the ruler.People were not willingly under the rule of it,instead,they placed the hope on the new regime that was related to the Zhu family built up in Nanjing.The Qing Dynasty issued "law of cutting hair" that was strongly revolted against.The struggle against the Qing Dynasty was rolling on with full force.People were called on to support the former kings of the Ming Dynasty.When Beijing was taken,many people including the former Ming officials in the north,citizens and merchants,swarmed to Nanjing.What's more,DaShun Administration lost power in Hebei and Shandong.These were advantageous to building up a new regime in order to stabilize the country and reoccupy the lost land.